Jade Emperor (玉皇上帝, Yǜ huáng shàngdì?), titled Great Benevolent Sage of Heaven, the Celestial Jade Emperor of the Most Venerable Deva (高天上聖大慈仁者玉皇大天尊玄穹高上帝, Gāo tiānshàng shèng dàcí rénzhě yù huáng dà tiānzūn xuán qióng gāo shàngdì?), is the supreme ruler of Heaven.[1]